Advantages, disadvantages, and reasons for non-adoption of rotational grazing, herbal leys, trees on farms and ley-arable rotations on English livestock farms

Adoption of rotational grazing or multi-species herbal leys, planting trees and integrating livestock into arable rotations can increase agricultural productivity carbon storage on temperate ruminant farms. However, farmers frequently have rational reasons for not adopting seemingly beneficial management practices. Here, we conduct semi-structured interviews with sheep beef cattle industry representatives in England, to determine the advantages, disadvantages, non-adoption these four We find key that rationally do adopt practices include capital outlay, incompatibility farming objectives, risk desired benefits are delivered.